Is the NSA program a violation of the Fourth Amendment?
That’s unclear. The Supreme Court has previously ruled that warrants are required in cases involving purely domestic surveillance, but has punted on the question of whether the same rules apply to domestic surveillance for the purpose of gathering foreign intelligence. A couple of cases during the 60s and 70s suggest that warrantless wiretaps are constitutional if their “primary purpose” is collection of foreign intelligence, but there have been no definitive rulings on this. Q: Did the NSA program violate the FISA act? A: Yes. FISA, which was specifically enacted in 1978 to clear up some of the questions left unresolved by the Supreme Court, allows warrantless surveillance of conversations between “foreign powers” (and their agents) only if “there is no substantial likelihood that the surveillance will acquire the contents of any communication to which a United States person is a party.” We don’t know all the details of how the NSA bugging plan operated, but it seems pretty clear that
