Is self-efficacy associated with diabetes self-management across race/ethnicity and health literacy?
Sarkar U; Fisher L; Schillinger D Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. usarkar@medicine.ucsf.edu OBJECTIVE: Although prior research demonstrated that improving diabetes self-efficacy can improve self-management behavior, little is known about the applicability of this research across race/ethnicity and health literacy levels. We examined the relationship between diabetes self-efficacy and self-management behavior in an urban, diverse, low-income population with a high prevalence of limited health literacy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We administered an oral questionnaire in Spanish and English to patients with type 2 diabetes at two primary care clinics at a public hospital. We measured self-efficacy, health literacy, and self-management behaviors using established instruments. We performed multivariate regressions to explore the associations between self-efficacy and self-management, adjusting for clinical and demographic fact
