Is evolution based on randomness?
Yes and no. Random variation – that is, mutations caused by various external factors, as well as sexual recombination in some cases – forms the raw material on which natural selection acts. However, natural selection is a very precise process of differential survival and reproduction, such that the fittest individuals leave the most progeny on average. Because of natural selection, survival and reproduction is a very distinctly nonrandom process. Please see Natural Selection, Talk.Origins – Evolution and Chance, Talk.Origins – The Evolution of Improved Fitness.