In university education (undergraduate) what is the difference between ENGLISH linguistics and language?
Linguistics is the scientific study of language with lots of sub-fields like Semantics, Pragmatics, Morphology, Syntax, Phonetics and Phonology. It’s very technical. English Language is more the study of the history of the language and how it came to be the way it is (through various invasions, and the invention of the dictionary etc). You also study language in use and context (ie language and the law or language and business etc) and you get too look at grammar (though not as in depth as if you study Linguistics). As to what jobs you can get, well there are plenty. Such as in teaching, law, business, marketing, advertising or journalism etc.