In most personality tests, the subject fills in what s/he thinks s/he is like. How can we factor in the degree of self-knowledge (or the lack of it), self-denial, or self-deception?
When an individual completes a personality inventory on him/herself, we say that the resulting report measures the individual’s “self-image.” When others complete the same inventory on that same individual, we say that the resulting reports measure the individual’s “reputation.” We refer to these two different uses of a personality inventory as the “self” version and the “rater,” or “other,” version. It is through examining the relationship between these two views of an individual that we are able to estimate the degree of an individual’s self-knowledge, self-denial, or self-deception.
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