In a specific cancer case, are cancer cells belonging to the same clone?
No. Although all cancer cells from the same tumor may derive from a single cancer cell originally, their genetic materials (DNA) are not the same due to their unstable genomes. These unstable genomes cause random mutations under the immune screening pressure. Thus, in a tumor, cancer cells do not belong to the same clone. Furthermore, they do not belong to several clones either. However, cancer cell cultures tend to have clones or subclones of fixed mutants that are no longer tumorigenic, heterogeneous or mutating. The degree of heterogeneity or cloneness will depend on the passage of cancer cell lines. Due to many passages or subcultures with optimal medium while without immune restriction, fixed mutants can be the majority of the population that best adapted to the same medium, an artificial environment. B16 melanoma cancer cell line is a good example where only about 1-5% of the cells are tumorigenic, heterogeneous and mutating true cancer cells. BioMedicure uses proprietary process
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