if so, what mods on the other parts would be needed. If not, why so?
Yes it’s possible. I installed a 350 in a Vega! You have to tear the car right down to the chasis, build a frame to support the engine or it will twist the car. Next, you will need to replace the rear suspension and get an axle that can handle the V8 power. A custom 3 foot drive shaft must be made. Then install a roll cage and start building back the body around this engine! Put on an extra quiet exhaust and you’ll have an unbeatable sleeper. The Vega could pull like 3g accelleration! It did the 1/4 mile in 6.4 seconds. I hope you have a big wallet and a good welder! Oh, it will cost you at least $3,000 if you do most of the work yourself.