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I understand that fractals have been used to solve an old problem from Maxwells Equations. What is that?

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I understand that fractals have been used to solve an old problem from Maxwells Equations. What is that?

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In 1999, Fractal’s Nathan Cohen published an article solving a basic problem–what are the requirements to make antennas frequency invariant. A later article by Robert Hohlfeld and Nathan Cohen then analytically showed that you need origin and self symmetry (self similarity) for this to occur in Maxwell’s Equations. The implications are profound for antenna design, as a previous but less universal explanation by Victor Rumsey, made nearly 50 years ago, was shown to not be the total picture. The necessary and sufficient conditions for frequency invariance have been dubbed ‘HCR Conditions’, after the three contributors to solving this age old problem.

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