How widespread is the use of monochloramine?
Many cities in the U.S. and Canada have used monochloramine as a drinking water disinfectant for decades. Monochloramine is currently used in San Francisco, Houston, Dallas, Denver, Tampa and Boston. Most major water utilities in California use monochloramine. In 1996, approximately 6.9 million Canadians were served by monochloraminated drinking water. Monochloramine is also used in Australia, England, and Finland. In New England, more than 3 million people in 135 communities are served by water treated by monochloramine. The EPA estimates that nationally, approximately 60 percent of surface water utilities will use monochloramine for secondary disinfection to comply with more stringent regulatory requirements by 2012.
