How the effect of peritoneal dialysis measured?
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a procedure for the management of patients with chronic renal failure who require maintenance dialysis. A sterile dialysis solution is administered intraperitoneally via an indwelling catheter. During the dwell, solutes, such as urea and creatinine, diffuse from capillaries in the peritoneal membrane and adjacent tissues into the dialysis solution. Simultaneously, water and solutes are driven across the peritoneal membrane due to an osmotic pressure gradient of the solution. At the end of dwell, the dialysis solution is drained from the peritoneal cavity thus removing toxins and excess of fluid, and fresh dialysis solution is administered. Except for the osmotic agent, solutions for dialysis includes electrolytes (sodium, chloride, calcium and magnesium) and a source of buffers (usually lactate) to help maintain acid-base status in patient with end stage of renal disease (ESRD). For each patient, the number of exchanges, dwell time, volume of fluid, and conc
