How similar to each other are the Aramaic and Hebrew languages?
Close, but not close enough to be mutually intelligible. Hebrew to Arabic is like German to English, so Aramaic is somewhere in between (closer to Arabic, though) and shares MANY similarities with Hebrew: Modern Hebrew preserves many Aramaic words and phrases, the structure is similar and the vocabulary consists many similar roots, but most Hebrew speakers wouldn’t get more than a few words in an Aramaic text. Both Aramaic and Hebrew languages were evolved with time and have many historical dialects- the newer the dialects are the further they go from each other.