How long will it take for the returning U.S. cosmonaut-researcher to recover from the effects of weightlessness?
Astronauts or cosmonauts who have experienced the long duration effects of spaceflight will readapt to gravity quickly in some areas and more slowly in others. For example, weight bearing muscles are weakened by the lack of gravity, but rapidly recover to allow normal walking within a matter of days. The fine tuning of the nervous system, especially the bodys sense of balance and coordination takes longer, on the order of weeks, to fully recover. One of the systems that may take months to recover is the ability to reclaim the calcium in bone lost by the skeletal system during the long periods of weightlessness (bone mineral density). A good rule of thumb to allow for recovery to the preflight condition is to allow the person an equal amount of time on Earth to the amount of time on orbit in weightlessness.
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