How is the CJD acquired?
CJD is a very unusual disease because it is caused by an abnormally shaped protein (called prion). This ‘bad’ protein can make the body’s normal prion proteins change shape, which causes the symptoms in the human. Once this has happened, further copies of the body’s prion protein change shape – which looks like the spread of an infection. This happens very slowly, which accounts for the delay between encountering the ‘bad protein’ and developing the symptoms. From a practical point of view, this can be considered as an ‘infection’ – although the protein doesn’t have the same features as bacteria, viruses, funguses and other parasites that usually cause infections in humans. This is a new disease, which is difficult to study. This means that experts find it difficult to give definitive advice. Most scientific evidence is gained from animal studies and epidemiology (the study of diseases in populations of humans). From animal studies (including the BSE epidemic in cattle), we know the ‘b
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