How is temperament different from type?
Temperament theory describes four patterns of motivations, values and needs (Artisans, Guardians, Rationals and Idealists). Jung’s theory and the Myers-Briggs framework are based on four patterns of mental functioning (Sensing, Intuition, Thinking and Feeling), and the ways people use them: in inward or outward orientation and in a hierarchy of preference (dominant, auxiliary, etc.). Both theories are looking at similar patterns in human behavior, but emphasize different aspects of those patterns. For Jung, the Introversion-Extraversion dichotomy was of primary importance; much of his book Psychological Types is devoted to demonstrating its existence and influence. For Keirsey, the most important difference is between the abstract and tangible frames of perception (the S-N dichotomy). For those who naturally use the abstract, Intuitive frame, the second most important dichotomy is the focus on people vs. focus on task (the T-F dichotomy). For those who naturally use the Sensing framewo
