How is emergence from the QED-100 affected by injection of fentanyl and sufentanil prior to emergence from anesthesia?
Injection of opioids, such as fentanyl and sufentanil, lower the amount of vapor needed to maintain anesthesia (MAC reduction). Opioids also lower the threshold concentrations at which patients emerge from inhaled anesthetic and can therefore delay emergence. Note that use of the QED-100 can not compensate for delayed awakening caused by injection of opioids given during the period immediately prior to intended emergence.
