How is CO2 injected into the aquifer?
There are two methods that are generally accepted in the mainstream as the best way to inject carbon dioxide into the aquifer. Hydrodynamic trapping. Carbon dioxide is trapped either as a gas or in a supercritical state. Below 800m, CO2 has reaches its supercritical state. Once inside the aquifer, the carbon dioxide flows with the same rate as the formation water in the system. Generally, this rate may be between 1-10 cm/year. At this rate, the carbon dioxide will be within tens of kilometers in millions of year [8] . This may be the most important method in the short term [9] . Mineral Trapping. Carbon dioxide reacts with minerals and organic matter within the aquifers to form carbonate minerals that become permanently fixed solids. Carbon dioxide will remain immobile forever, making mineral trapping the only method that makes carbon dioxide completely harmless [10] . When carbon dioxide dissolves in water the following reaction occurs: H2O + CO2 = HCO3- + H+ Small amounts of the bica
