How does this MRV processing fee differ from reciprocal issuance fees?
The MRV processing fee is paid by all visa applicants, worldwide, with certain limited exceptions, for example, those pertaining to government officials. It must be paid in advance, whether or not the visa is granted. The reciprocal issuance fee is an additional charge paid by visa applicants from certain countries in certain categories and is based on fees U.S. citizens are charged for similar visas to visit those countries. The U.S. reciprocity fee is charged only if the U.S. visa is granted.