How does Initiative work for spellcasting?
It depends. For regular formulaic or spontaneous spellcasting (as opposed to fast-casting), a magus casts spells at his normal turn in the round as determined by his initiative roll. On page 83, under “Magic” (as a combat option), the rules say spells have no weapon initiative modifier so spellcasting initiative is a stress die plus Quickness. The spell takes effect immediately once you cast it. Fast-casting a spontaneous spell works a little differently.