How does anti-viral medication work, and does it have any side effects?
Oseltamivir and zanamivir are drugs called neuraminidase inhibitors. They help prevent influenza viruses from multiplying in the body by interfering with the production and release of virus from cells that line the airways. This may slow the spread of the infection within the airways and lungs. Oseltamivir is taken orally while zanamivir is taken by inhalation. Although generally well tolerated, the most common side-effects associated with oseltamivir are nausea and vomiting. People with the flu, particularly children and adolescents, may be at an increased risk of self-injury and confusion shortly after taking oseltamivir and should be closely monitored for signs of unusual behaviour. A healthcare professional should be contacted immediately if the patient taking oseltamivir shows any signs of unusual behaviour. As many patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have had bronchospasm (wheezing) or serious breathing problems when they used zanamivir, it is not
