How does aging work in general?
Aging is associated with the gradual decline in the performance of most organ systems, resulting in the loss of reserve capacity. In some organ systems the progressive loss of functional capacity with age is due to the loss of functional cells. As a person’s cells age, they can no longer assist in maintaining and repairing human tissue, and this may be responsible for some of the degenerative disabilities that are often associated with increased age. The fundamental mechanisms regulating human aging are complex and the main theories fall into two general camps with many subdivisions: genetic/developmental aging programs and accumulation of damage theories. While both contribute to aging many of the best ideas (e.g. cellular senescence, hormonal/endocrine changes, cross-linking/glycation, mitochondrial DNA damage, free radical and oxidative damage theories) while appealing individually are not mutually exclusive. The idea commonly known as the disposable soma theory of aging states that
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