How does a hydroplane on a submarine work?
here is a link to an excellent site on submarine dynamics and below is info from this site “Planes: Vertical motion through the water is controlled by the bow and stern planes. These are horizontal rudders, attached in pairs to either side of the hull, at bow and stern. (Newer American submarines now place the bow planes on the fairwater—what is commonly called the “conning tower” or “sail”—instead of the bow.) Angling these planes up or down causes the boat to rise or sink. The boat itself is normally kept as close as practical to neutral buoyancy, which is the point at which it will neither rise nor sink. The flow of water over the planes allows the commander to “fly” the boat through the water.
