How do tumors sustain their growth rate?
Tumors have adapted several mechanisms to meet their increasing need for nutrients. One mechanism is angiogenesis, the formation of a dense and expanding blood supply, which gives growing tumors direct access to nutrients. These nutrients are often carried to tumors by albumin, the most ubiquitous protein in the body. Another mechanism tumors use is the exploitation of a natural pathway, known as the gp60 pathway, by which nutrients are preferentially transported across the endothelial barrier when attached to albumin. Once across the endothelial barrier, albumin is delivered within the tumor cell to the interstitium. A third mechanism, only recently discovered, is the tumor’s ability to secrete a specialized protein called SPARC (Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine) into the tumor’s interstitium that acts as a highly charged receptor to specifically attract and bind albumin. The SPARC protein specifically binds albumin-bound nutrients and concentrates them within the tumor’s
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