How do objects that hit Jupiters surface cause damage when Jupiter does not have a solid surface?
Thousands of miles beneath the top of Jupiter’s atmosphere, the hydrogen is in a liquid state due to pressure. Going deeper, pressure and heat cause the hydrogen atoms to lose their electrons and what is left is a heavy liquid hydrogen metal. Very dense. Jupiter is also believed to have a rocky core. Anything slamming into any of this matter at gravity assisted comet or asteroid speeds is still going to create a large explosive mushroom type cloud of the impacted materials.
