How do I set up hard drive partitions for Linux without deleting Windows??
Normally, you will need to resize your existing Windows partition in order to make room for Linux partitions. Each Linux distribution comes with a utility called FIPS that can do this job. Details on using FIPS can be found at the FIPS home page (which seems to have gone missing from the Internet, though this is its last known location), or in this article: Partitions: Making Room for Linux. Details about how many and what kind of partitions you will need can be found in the article Partitions: Planning Your Linux Installation, or for more detailed information see the Partition Mini-HOWTO.