How do I raise a child to be psychologically normal and healthy?
Genetic predispositions contribute to many disorders, so child-rearing practices are not the sole determinants of normality. However, they certainly have a substantial role. Some of the keys from research to date seem to be secure early attachment, which is probably enhanced by lots of love and attention from a secure parent around the ages of 4 or 5 to 12 months, and the avoidance of excessive stress on the child throughout childhood. Continued love, support, and attention throughout childhood are also important. Physical and sexual abuse must, of course, be avoided at all costs, but what many people don’t realize is that psychological abuse can be just as harmful. Yelling at a child on a daily basis, criticizing her excessively, failing to praise the child’s accomplishments, and giving the child mixed messages about your love for him can all contribute to pathology later in life.
