How do African elephants communicate?
Elephants communicate by touch, scent, sight and sound. Trumpeting sounds signal alarm and aggression. Groups keep in contact with loud, very low frequency calls, which can carry for at least 2 km. Cows in heat and bulls in musth advertise their condition by loud rumbles. Elephants can probably recognize each other, assess emotional states and recognize group membership from the smell of their temporal gland secretions. The glands open on the sides of the face between the eye and the ear. This secretion often makes very visible dark streak down the elephant’s face. How do elephants breed? Unlike hippos that rely on the buoyancy effect of water for copulation, the African elephant bull does mount the female in the conventional manner on land. Elephants breed throughout the year. Males younger than 25 years old are unable to compete for access to females on heat. From the age of 25 bulls periodically goes into musth as their testosterone levels rise up to six times the usual level. At th
Elephants communicate by touch, scent, sight and sound. Trumpeting sounds signal alarm and aggression. Groups keep in contact with loud, very low frequency calls, which can carry for at least 2 km. Cows in heat and bulls in musth advertise their condition by loud rumbles. Elephants can probably recognize each other, assess emotional states and recognize group membership from the smell of their temporal gland secretions. The glands open on the sides of the face between the eye and the ear. This secretion often makes very visible dark streak down the elephant face. How do elephants breed? Unlike hippos that rely on the buoyancy effect of water for copulation, the African elephant bull does mount the female in the conventional manner on land. Elephants breed throughout the year. Males younger than 25 years old are unable to compete for access to females on heat. From the age of 25 bulls periodically goes into musth as their testosterone levels rise up to six times the usual level. At this
