How did the Papacy define its power?
The Bull of Pope Boniface VIII, Unam Sanctam, says: ‘We declare, affirm, define and pronounce it to be necessary for salvation for every human creature to be subject to the Roman Pontiff.’ This Decree was declared by Cardinal Manning to be infallible and beyond all doubt an act ex cathedra (which means that it is spoken by the Pope as the universal Head of the Church on earth and with the supreme apostolic authority, i.e. an infallible statement.
