How are the K value approximations calculated by RISA-2D/3D?
RISA-3D is able to approximate the K values for a member based on that member’s sway condition and end release configuration. The K-factor approximation is based on Table C-C2.1, found on page 5-135 of the 9th Edition ASD code, or page 6-184 of the 3rd Edition LRFD code. A full description of the limitations of the K approximation are given in the Hot Rolled Steel – Design section of the manual.