How are the diagnosis and severity of moderate to severe COPD suggested?
In moderate to severe disease, the diagnosis and its severity are suggested by resting tachypnea, tachycardia, chest hyperinflation, prolonged expiration, wheeze, and diminished breath sounds. • What laboratory tests are recommended to develop a differential diagnosis? The following laboratory tests are recommended to develop a differential diagnosis: chest x-ray, complete blood count, chemistry profile, electrocardiogram, and pulse oximetry at rest and with activity. • What kinds of exercise should be encouraged for COPD patients? Upper extremity training is important because arm movement can increase dyspnea. Simple weight training or other resistance exercises strengthen the upper arms, shoulders, and legs. Walking or riding a stationary bicycle improves endurance. Patients who have limited endurance or balance difficulties should not walk on a treadmill. Simple activities performed frequently are preferable to more complex activities performed less frequently. Breathing exercises m
