How are nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA transferred from parent cells to daughter cells?
DNA is the unit of heredity in living things. It is the storehouse of information that is needed for the proper development and functioning of organisms. So, it is important that the number and sequence of genes is always maintained. Just before cell division, the DNA in a cell replicates, so that each daughter cell has the same number of chromosomes as those in the parent cell. During DNA replication, the sequence of deoxyribonucleotides is based on the rule that Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T) and Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G). DNA Replication Steps * DNA replication begins at specific points known as the Origins. These sites are recognized by certain proteins in the cell. The Origins are rich in Adenine and Thymine bases, as breaking two hydrogen bonds between the Adenine and Thymine is easier than breaking the triple hydrogen bonds between Cytosine and Guanine. * Helicase (an enzyme) separates the two strands of a DNA double helix by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the
