How Are Esters Named Under Iupac Rules?
Esters are compounds formed by the reaction between acids and alcohol. Usually one sees the occurrence of esters in wine during fermentation and aging. Estes are a result of an equilibrium chemical reaction between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid. The ester is named first as per the alkyl group (derived the alcohol) and then as the alkanoate (derived from carboxylic acid). For instance, the reaction between methanol and butyric acid forms ester methyl butyrate C3H7-COO-CH3 and water. For esters which are created from the simplest carboxylic acids, the names under the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemists) are acetate, propionate, formate and butyrate. For esters from higher acids, the alkane name with an –oate ending is used. Some of the common esters derived from aromatic acids include benzoates such as methyl benzoate, and phthalates, with substitution allowed in the name.
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