How and why did the industrial revolution begin in england?
If you mean why England and not China or India, that is a long story. If you mean why England and not France or Holland or Spain or Italy, then maybe I can answer that here. I suspect the English colonies, especially the Indian Raj were extremely important in the development of English Mass Production. The reason for this was that England controlled large populations and was able to manipulate their markets to favor English production. For instance, before the English came to India, India was the worlds greated producer of cloth: both inexpensive and high-quality fabrics were made in cottage industries across India. When the English first produced textiles in mills, the Indian preferred their own products over the English version. But since England controlled the economy of India, they were able to shut down textile manufacture there and leave the Indians no choice but to purchase milled textiles from England. Similar trade policies were applied in Canada, Australia, the Middle East an
