EMAPs objectives state that estimates are made with known confidence. What is “known confidence”?
An estimate of a population parameter is of limited value without some indication of how confident one should be in it. Scientists typically describe the appropriate level of confidence in an estimate derived from a sample survey by defining confidence limits or margins of error. This description of statistical confidence is used frequently in reporting the results of opinion polls using statements such as “this poll has a margin of error of 4%”. Provided random sampling is used, similar statements can be made about estimates from biological sample surveys. Sample surveys provide estimates that are used to make inferences about parameters for the population as a whole. Two types of estimates are commonly provided: the point estimate and the interval estimate. For example, the estimated proportion of voters that support a party is a point estimate. It is important to know how likely it is that such a point estimate deviates from the true population parameter by no more then a given amou
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