Does PPI use increase risk of community-acquired pneumonia?
This nested casecontrol study investigated the association between proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and found an association over the short term, but not the long-term. The study used data from the UK General Practice Research Database (1987 to 2002) and included adult patients with at least six months of initial pneumonia-free follow-up in the database. Case patients (n = 80 066) were those who were diagnosed with CAP and control participants (n = 799 881) were selected by using incidence density sampling, matching on practice site, calendar period, and follow-up duration. Data were analysed for use of PPIs within 30 days before the index date. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were estimated by using conditional logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders. The results were reported as follows: • Overall, current PPI use was not associated with an increased risk for CAP (adjusted OR, 1.02 [95% CI, 0.97 to 1.08]) or risk for CAP that required
