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Does an agreement need to be carried out to violate section 45?

April 26, 2017Agreement section violate

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Does an agreement need to be carried out to violate section 45?

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No. It is settled law in Canada that the offence is in the agreement, not in the carrying out of an agreement. While acts in furtherance of a cartel may be used as additional evidence, they are not necessary in order to establish an offence under section 45.