Didn carbon 14 dating prove that the Shroud was medieval?
The area from which the carbon 14 samples were taken in 1988 are chemically different than the rest of the cloth. It is a spliced-in repair to the main cloth. Unlike the rest of the Shroud, the threads contain cotton fiber and are dyed to look old with Madder root dyes in a mordant of alumina and gum. Also, the splice site (C14 sample site) contains vanillin indicating that the spliced-in fabric is much newer than the rest of the cloth.
