Can you explain how to select the color center (or sample color) which can be used to evaluate color difference formula?
Various researchers use different strategies to determine the color centers. The most important objective is to be sure you have a variety of colors that reasonably sample the range of color space you are interested in. There are also 5 color centers that were defined by the CIE for coordinated research. You can read more about them in A.R. Robertson, “CIE guidelines for coordinated research on colour-difference evaluation,” Color Research and Application 3, 149-151 (1978).