Can we support the global population?
Yes. Currently, without any technological advances we can support a sizable increase of population. The industrialized nations still subsidize crops, and even pay farmers not to grow. Famine is not about the lack of food, its about the lack of distribution. Infant mortality may be “high” in some areas but that’s subjective, worldwide infant mortality is declining. The biggest difference between experiencing growth, stagnation, or decline is the system you are working with. If there is very little rule of law or rampant corruption chances are you’ll be in the later category.