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Can We Discuss ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) Layers?

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Can We Discuss ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) Layers?

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The asynchronous transfer mode or ATM is the standard that defines three layers. They are from top to bottom, the application adaptation layer, the ATM layer and the physical layer as well. The end points use all these three layers whilst the switches use only two bottom layers. Like Ethernet and the wireless LANs, ATM cells can be carried by any physical layer carrier. The original design of an ATM was based on SONET as the physical layer carrier. SONET is preferred for two reasons. First, the high data rate of SONET’s carrier reflects the design and philosophy of ATM. Second, in using SONET, boundaries of cells can be clearly defined. ATM does not limit the physical layer to SONET only, there are some other technologies even wireless may also be used. The next ATM layer provides routing, the traffic management, switching and the multiplexing services. It processes outgoing traffic by accepting 48 byte segments from AAL sub layers and transforming them into 53 byte cell by the additio

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