Can Vaginal Lactobacilli Reduce the Risk of STDs?
The normal vaginal flora is dominated by Lactobacillus species, which produce substances that help control the growth of pathogens. Bacterial vaginosis is a clinical condition that results in a decrease of the Lactobacillus species and an increased growth of anaerobic and mycoplasma bacteria. Bacterial vaginosis has been associated with the development of pelvic inflammatory disease and preterm labor. Some studies have suggested that patients with bacterial vaginosis may be at increased risk for acquiring sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Martin and colleagues examined the association between vaginal flora and the acquisition of HIV and other STDs. The trial was a prospective cohort study of prostitutes who attended an STD clinic for routine check-ups. Participants were given a structured interview, a physical examination, a pelvic examination and STD screening. They were followed monthly with an interview to discuss interim s
