Can triniobium tin shrink accelerators?
The superconducting cavities that drive most of the world’s particle accelerators are running out of room for improvement. But new theoretical work suggests that overlooked superconducting materials could be used to make cavities that accelerate particles to higher energies over shorter distances — thereby doing the job more cheaply. Still, it would take years to develop and test new accelerator components made of materials such as triniobium tin. For decades, researchers have worked to improve the performance of superconducting cavities. When stacked in a row and pumped with microwave pulses, they build up large electromagnetic fields that accelerate the charged particles used in particle-physics experiments, or in synchrotrons working as high-intensity light sources. The cavities are typically made of niobium, a metal that superconducts when cooled to a few degrees above absolute zero.
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