Can the term “homoiconic” be applied to a program rather than a language?
No; it means “same representation of program and data”; a program may implement a language in which that is true, but the statement is about representation, and so it is about the language implemented by the program, not about the program itself. Lisp is homoiconic, a Lisp interpreter is not. People may however be sloppy about this, and say that e.g. a Lisp interpreter is homoiconic, when strictly speaking, they’re referring to Lisp the language.
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