Can the Extruder remove pyrogens that may be present in a sample?
A Pyrogens are small molecular weight remnants of the cell membrane of bacteria. Consequently, extrusion through polycarbonate membranes with pore sizes greater than 50 nm will not remove pyrogens that may be present in a liposome formulation. Pyrogens can be removed from surfaces by using high temperatures (greater than 220°C for 30 minutes or longer) or treatment with concentrated sodium hydroxide solutions. In order to avoid pyrogens in liposome formulations, we recommend the use of commercial sterile water in the hydrating buffer and asceptic techniques when preparing liposomes.
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