Can the calf pass through the pelvis?
• You can tell if the cervix is dilated by sliding your palm along the vaginal wall toward the uterus. You should not feel cervix or any cervical ridges (should be continuous and smooth). Assisting prior to full dilation can damage the cow and injure the calf. • Once the water sac is broken, it is important to make good progress. First, because there is a loss of lubrication. Second, the calf’s impetus to take the first breath is the pressure differential between an all water environment and an all air environment. If the calf has tried to begin breathing, you will see a frothy mouth and nostrils. NEVER try to rupture the sac (unlike in horses and humans where rupturing the sac can increase strength of contractions and speed delivery). • If the position of the fetus is abnormal, use your best judgement to determine if you can correct the situation or should call the veterinarian. Approximately 5% of calving difficulties result from abnormal presentation, and most need the expertise of
