Can indications of source be registered as trademarks?
Since direct indications of source are public domain they may not be used as the only element of a trademark but rather must be combined with other protectable trademark elements (for example, a graphic image) in such a way that the trademark as a whole has a distinctive character. Indirect indications of source are not public domain and thus can be registered as a trademark. A trademark with an indication of source as one of its elements may not be misleading in order to be registered (see question 13).