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Can Cash Transactions Between Private Entities Be Reflected in the Federal Budget?

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Can Cash Transactions Between Private Entities Be Reflected in the Federal Budget?

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The answer is clearly “yes” when a private entity is acting as an agent of the federal government in carrying out a federal program under the government’s direction. For example, the Coal Industry Retiree Health Benefits Pro­gram is included in the federal budget, even though its funds do not pass through the Treasury. That program guarantees lifetime health benefits for certain miners and their dependents, and coal companies are required by law to pay health insurance premiums to two privately managed trust funds on behalf of those miners. Even though the benefit plans are nominally private and the federal government plays no role in selecting their trust­ees, the receipts and spending appear in the federal bud­get because federal law requires the payment of premiums and determines the use of the money. Another example is the Universal Service Fund. Federal law requires providers of telecommunications services to make payments to that fund, which is administered by the Universal Servi

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