Can a practising Roman Catholic become Prime minister of Britain, or can they marry the queen?
A Roman Catholic may become Prime Minister – but just try and get elected once you announce the fact. The second part of the question concerns English Law and the Monarch. The Monarch cannot marry a Catholic – he she must marry a Protestant. A Bill giving emancipation to Catholics was passed in the House of Commons [c1830s] by the Duke of Wellington, then PM, it cost him his job, poor bloke.
The Queen is the head of the church of England. If she was free to marry she could marry a roman catholic but they would not be allowed to let their religion interfere with her role. There is no rule that states that we cannot have a roman catholic prime minister but he/she would not be allowed to use their position to move that faith in to the public eye.