2. When she’s satisfied with the message, she tells the MUA to send it. 3. At this point, the MUA can add additional header fields like Date and Message-Id and modify the values Alice entered (e.g., replace bob@beta with “Bob @beta.example.com>“. Next, the MUA injects the message into the mail system. There are two ways to this: it can run a program provided by the mail system for the purpose of injecting messages, or it can open a connection to the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) port on either the local system or a remote mail server. For this example, we’ll assume the MUA uses a local injection program to pass messages to the MTA. The details of the injection process vary by MTA, but on UNIX systems the sendmail method is a de facto standard. With this method, the MUA can put the header and body in a file, separated by a blank line, and pass the file to the sendmail program. 4. If the injection succeeds–the message was syntactically correct and sendmail was invoked properl