Are there any differences in attitude in terms of students’ demographic information?
One important assumption to consider in the analyses described in this section is the normality of the score distribution. According to Hinkle, Wiersma, and Jurs (1998), a distribution can be considered normal if all three measures of central tendency are similar (mean, median, and mode) and the skewness and kurtosis coefficients lie between +1 and -1. The mean (63), the median (62), and the mode (60) coefficients obtained for the distribution were fairly close. The skewness coefficient was -.951. However, the kurtosis coefficient was 3.549. Normality, however, can be assumed with the aid of the Central Limit Theorem. According to this theorem, if the number of cases in the distribution is fairly high, one can assume that the distribution of sample means in the population is normally distributed even when the raw score distribution is not (Hinkle, Wiersma, & Jurs, 1998). Since the sample in this study had 99 complete cases, normality can be assumed. Statistical differences were determi
