Are electric fences safe and effective?
Biting and kicking is the natural way horses express dominance and command control. Cattle are forceful as well and all livestock respect aggression. The shock of an electric fence is far less severe than a bite or a kick but achieves the same psychological affect that animals are accustomed to in the pecking order of the herd. A low impedance electric shock is not cruel or inhumane and does not cause physical injury.
